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鑑藏宝玺:嘉庆御览之宝题跋资料:
题跋类别:作者款识;作者:吴伟;题跋位置:本幅;款识:小僊行楷书主题:
主要主题:经史‧故事 刘海戏蟾主要主题:佛道人物神、仙刘海主要主题:水中动植物青蛙.蟾蜍蟾蜍;次要主题:树木松 ;次要主题:山水云 ;其他主题:山水瀑布 ;其他主题:花草藤萝 ;其他主题:树木竹 ;其他主题:树木技法:
写意 皴法 人物衣纹描法(粗细线条) 苔点参考资料:
收藏着录: 故宫书画录(卷八),第四册,页76 收藏着录: 故宫书画图录,第六册,页331-332 内容简介(中文): 此幅画老松下,仙人刘海蟾弯首斜身坐于岩上,目视画幅右下三足蟾蜍,蟾蜍作睁眼凝视貌,似有举势待发之状,动静之际,四目交集,甚为生动。幅上「小僊」二字,乃明代画家吴伟(一四五九—一五O八年)之称号,然疑为后加之款。此画树木、座石、岩崖、瀑布等写法皆异于吴伟泼墨粗放之风貌,而人物描写虽佳,亦不类其一贯风格,完成时代约在明末。 内容简介(中文): 刘海蟾本名刘操,五代宋初人,道号海蟾子,弃官学道成仙。宋元以来民间故事「刘海戏金蟾」为「刘海蟾」三字演绎。一说仙人刘海收伏千年金蟾,金蟾能吐金钱,周济穷人。另说刘海父为官甚贪,死后被化作三足蟾投入秽海,刘海得道后以一串金钱钓出。幅上「小僊」为明代吴伟(西元一四五九—一五O八年)称号,然疑后加。完成时代约在明末。(20091016) 内容简介(英文): Liu Haichan (Daoist name Haichanzi) lived in the 10th c. He gave up officialdom to study Daoism and became an immortal. The story of “Liu Hai and a Golden Toad” (Liu Hai xi jinchan), popular since the Song, was abbreviated to “Liu Haichan.” One story says he commanded the toad of immortality to spew gold coins and aided the poor. Another says his father was a greedy official reincarnated as a 3-legged toad thrown into a sea of filth. Achieving the Dao, Liu fished him out with a string of gold coins. In the lower right here is the name “Xiaoxian” of Wu Wei, but it is probably a later addition. The tree, cliff, and waterfall differ from Wu’s rough style, and the drapery is unlike his fine brush style (baimiao), suggesting a late Ming date (1st half of the 17th c.).(20091016) 内容简介(英文): The immortal Liu Hai-ch'an appears here under an old pine and leans forward on a rock. In the lower corner is the three-legged toad with which he is often associated. The toad has a vivid look as if it has bears some form of power. The balance between motion and stillness, and the lively expressions make for a very moving portrayal here.The signature (Hsiao-hsien) here is the name used by the Ming artist Wu Wei (1459-1508), but it apparently is a later addition. Furthermore, the techniques for representing the tree, rock, cliff, and waterfall all differ from the splashed ink and rough brushwork associated with Wu's style. Although a fine work, it is not in his manner but corresponds instead to late Ming dynasty traditions. 研究性论着: 此幅画老松下,仙人刘海蟾弯首斜身坐于岩上,目视画幅右下三足蟾蜍,蟾蜍作睁眼凝视貌,似有举势待发之状,动静之际,四目交集,甚为生动。原签题为「明吴伟画刘海蟾」。考刘海蟾本名刘操,乃五代宋初道士,后得道成仙。道教全真道将之奉为〝北五祖〞之一。【注1】元代,世祖忽必烈封其为〝明悟弘道真君〞,元武宗时又加封为帝君。燕山(今属北京巿)人,字元英,号海蟾子。宋元以来,民间流传〝刘海戏金蟾〞故事,【注2】明清之际,似更为盛行,戏曲版画亦见之,【注3】然此为海蟾字号之讹传。【注4】根据《六研斋笔记》记载,明代已有〝刘海戏蟾图〞的出现。【注5】此图亦曾见于明晚期至清初的景德镇青花瓷器纹饰上,所见多为海蟾用缚着一串金钱的绳索和金蟾玩耍的情景。清初以来,更是常见于表示喜庆、吉祥的传统年画上,【注6】今街头店家橱柜犹见置有三脚蟾蜍口衔金钱者,寓意闢财、富贵,皆渊源于此。幅上「小僊」二字,乃明代画家吴伟(1459—1508 年)之称号,然疑为后加之款。按吴伟,字次翁,江夏(今湖北武汉)人。擅长画人物、山水,能作细笔自描人物,奇逸潇洒,自成一家,成化、弘治时屡次被召入宫,声誉甚隆,为〝浙派〞画家代表人物之一。吴伟山水画法从南宋院体马远、夏珪一路变化而来,一般山石多作斧劈皴,笔墨奔放;然此画树木、座石、岩崖、瀑布等写法异于吴伟泼墨粗放之作,亦不见浙派风貌,而人物描写虽佳,亦不类吴伟一贯风格,完成此作之时代约在明末。(陈阶晋) 【注1】 所谓北五祖者,指王玄甫、锺汉离、吕洞宾、刘海蟾、王重阳。参见吴枫主编,《中华道学通典》(南海出版社、1994)页974。【注2】 宋.柳永撰《乐章集》〝巫山一段云〞词 中,有「将相何处寄良宵,还去访三茅。贪看海蟾狂戏,不道九关齐闭。」一语,即指刘海戏金蟾之戏。《景印文渊阁四库全书》第 1487册、(台北:台湾商务印书馆、1983)页 55。【注3】 曲目、 版画插图,均见明.无名氏撰《青袍记》,明万历(1753—1619)年间金陵文林阁刊本。参见《中国古本戏曲插图选》 (天津人民美术出版杜,1985)页47。【注4】 清.翟灏撰、李调元校定《通俗编》(台北:艺文出版社、1968)言:「刘元英号海蟾子,………海蟾二字号,今俗称刘海,更言刘海戏蟾,舛谬之甚。」文中已言及刘海戏蟾乃海蟾字号之讹传。(取材自赴法展〝帝国的回忆〞图录之中文原稿)